The outcome of the second round depended on the centrist voters. The Gaullists warned voters against a return to the Fourth Republic, political instability and "Communist danger". The alliance between ...

I had a visit from a schoolmate I had not seen since the “good old days” of pre-Khomeini Iran. Under the Shah he spent eight months in prison because he was supposed to be on the left. Under the ...

The manner of EDC’s passing did credit to no one. Premier Pierre Mendès-France. famed man of decision, refused to decide. Deputies pleaded with him to give a clear lead; he would not.

Le Pen, who was equally idolized and execrated, drew crowds like nobody's business. When he was on TV the crowd in the cafe went quiet. Whether they were Gaullists, Socialists or Communists, they all ...

Barnier’s conservative party, known as Les Républicains or former Gaullists, came in fourth. Despite his party’s weakened status, Barnier was chosen to serve as prime minister largely because he is ...

Faced with what appeared to be a field of ruins, Macron thought he was in control of the cards and that it would be possible to recompose around him, in the face of the threat of a RN majority, some ...

Even in independence-minded Senegal, his new constitution seemed likely to carry by a small margin, and in most of the other territories of Negro Africa, Gaullists were convinced that they would ...

Everyone wanted to believe, sometimes not without hypocritical cowardice, that no solution advocated by the Marshal could be reprehensible. Many, on the other hand, were Gaullists in all but the name.