In investigations of f-block chemistry, however, arenes are invariably used as solvents ... 2 are historically important to d-orbital bonding theory and have modern importance in organic ...

Some studies [11-14] have also done on chemistry of the calix[4]arenes possessing four phosphonate or phosphine groups at the upper rim with some functional substituents as spacers between those ...

Building organic molecules with laboratory chemistry techniques, a practice known as organic synthesis, has always been more challenging than building things at macro scale.