Original Article Published: 21 March 2007 Preproenkephalin Knockout Mice Show No Depression-Related Phenotype Andras Bilkei-Gorzo, Kerstin Michel, Florence Noble, Bernard P Roques & Andreas Zimmer ...

Original Article Published: 20 July 2017 Nasal application of HSV encoding human preproenkephalin blocks craniofacial pain in a rat model of traumatic brain injury A C Meidahl, M Klukinov, A Z ...

Enkephalins are derived by enzymatic cleavage from a precursor protein, preproenkephalin, and stored in vesicles. Upon stimulation, enkephalins are released with neurotransmitters, such as glutamate.

April 19, 2011 — Patients with intractable cancer pain experienced reduced pain levels after genes encoding preproenkephalin (PENK) were injected into skin regions related to their pain location ...