During embryonic development, the right ventricle is formed from the secondary heart field into a crescent-shaped, thin-walled structure. 6 It is the most anterior heart chamber, sitting just beneath ...

The heart pumps blood against the mechanical afterload from arterial resistance, and increased afterload may alter cardiac electrophysiology and contribute to life-threatening arrhythmias. However, ...

Flash pulmonary edema is a severe form of acute decompensated heart failure. Treatment includes diuresis and vasodilation. Nitroglycerine is a venodilator that is a good option for treatment of these ...