In addition, Figure 4 shows parameters such as modulation frequency (f M), span, and the modulation index (m) that impact the performance of the FSS, where T M is the modulation period.

NTT stabilized the frequency of an electro-optic modulation-based optical frequency comb for high-speed and large-capacity optical comms applications.

The constant frequency terms cancel so jitter is just the integral of FM: As a result, the jitter or phase change is the integral of the frequency modulation. For SSC, we use a triangle wave shape.

NTT Corporation and Tokyo Denki University have succeeded in further stabilizing the graduated frequency of an optical frequency ruler generated by modulating the intensity and phase of laser ...

The team put an electro-optic modulation element into a lithium niobate comb microresonator, according to their journal article. A lithium niobate resonator was able to tune the bandwidth and ...